Cinte murarie nei siti anatolici del III e II millennio a.C.

Abstract

This contribution takes into consideration the sites of Anatolia in a necessarily selective way. The goal is not to propose an exhaustive examination of the defensive walls in Anatolia, but only to highlight, through a short diachronic path, differences and similarities in architecture between the Late Prepottery Neolithic B and the Middle Bronze Age. Before the third millennium BC the architectural conditions concerning fortification structures were already present in some sites. At the beginning of the fifth millennium BC the link between fortification and settlement merges through the birth of an Anatolian settlement scheme. The village takes on a circular shape, very similar to a fortified citadel. However, this way of building villages will be typical of many sites of the first half of the third millennium BC. A settlement pattern present from the western coast of Anatolia to the inland regions of the Upper Euphrates. In addition, many building techniques, such as “saw-tooth” walls, “casematte” and the Kastenmauer, are widespread between the third and second millennium BC.