Relationship between environmental factors and site index in Douglas-fir plantations in central Italy

Abstract

Accurate and reliable evaluation of site suitability for the cultivation of selected species and availability of potential timber yield information is vital for the assessment of afforestation projects. This study examined the relationship between site index and environmental factors in Douglas-®r (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii) plantations in the province of Firenze (central Italy). The aim was to predict site index by readily measurable factors. The in¯uence of climatic (temperature and rainfall), topographic (elevation, aspect, topographical exposure, etc.) and soil (pH, texture, etc.) on Douglas-®r site index was evaluated by multiple regression analysis exploiting data from 71 plots distributed across the study area. Approximately 58% of the observed site index variation is explained by annual rainfall, water surplus, clay content, calcium-carbonate content and east±west component of aspect. Climatic factors directly related to water balance have a greater in¯uence on the productivity of examined Douglas-®r plantations than examined topographic and soil factors. Results of the study are ecologically sound and of practical value for ®eld foresters, with reference to the study area. The precision of the model may be only indicative for assessing site index for single sites. At a landscape mapping level, estimate reliability is quite appropriate.