Unraveling the contribution of Ton1b to enhance durum wheat yield
Author(s)
Date Issued
2024
Type
conferenceObject
Abstract
Durum wheat (T. turgidum ssp. durum) stands as a crucial staple in the Mediterranean basin, providing the
semolina base for numerous mediterranean diet foods. Despite a commendable increase in the production of
both bread and durum wheat over recent decades, it is evident that its current yield is not poised to meet the
escalating demands of the growing global population. Wheat yield, a complex trait influenced by a myriad of
genes and environmental factors, has been the subject of intensive research. Notable genes like Gw2, Gw7, DEP1,
and GS1 have been identified in association with yield. This study engages in scientific inquiry, examining the
role of the Tonneau1 (Ton1) gene, with a focal point on its isoform Ton1b in durum wheat. Ton1, a key player in
the TTP (TON1-TRM-PP2A) protein complex, has been known for its involvement in preprophase band formation
and cell division control in plants1, affecting the kernel size. A pCreloxpGEMTeasy-Ton1b2 construct was prepared
and used for callus transformation. The Ton1b gene was placed under the control of an endosperm-specific
promoter and terminator, both isolated from the gene encoding the high molecular weight glutenin subunit
Dx53. The obtained intragenic lines showed a significant increase of 100-kernel weight and grain length without
negative effects on the seeds number. This intriguing outcome challenges the conventional trade-off among
key yield-related traits4. These lines also showcased a strategic energy reallocation observed in reduced spike
length and spikelet numbers. Noteworthy, despite shorter spikes, the fertility of all flowers was maintained,
optimizing resource allocation for maximum yield. The investigation of Ton1b’s level expression and its influence
on linked genes were carried out with the aim to understand the molecular mechanisms regulating grain length
in durum wheat. In conclusion, this study underscores the potential of Ton1b in enhancing durum wheat yield,
presenting a promising avenue for addressing global food security concerns.