Modello di valutazione dei sistemi arborei produttivi di interesse storico finalizzato ad azioni di tutela, recupero e valorizzazione
Author(s)
Botti, Federico
Date Issued
April 22, 2008
Type
Doctoral Thesis
Abstract
There has been an increasing awareness of the potential damages associated with the loss of biological and landscape diversity, and the speed at which this phenomenon has been progressing has generated widespread alarm. Italy has lately ratified the European Landscape Convention, which has been promoted by the European Council, and the Biological Diversity Convention, which has been signed in Rio the Janeiro in 1992. This allowed the initiation of strategies, programs, and plans for the preservation and sustainable use of biodiversity in agriculture, as well as for the protection and enhancement of the landscape value. The present research has considered the historical fruit orchards, i.e. systems that have a plurality of functions. The specificity oftheir architecture, the uniqueness ofthe genetic resources, and the peculiarity of the management forms may give these systems the characteristics of 'traditional rural landscapes', that represent an important trace of the human presence and of the relationship among human beings, nature, and territory. This research proposes a methodology for inventorying and evaluating the historical orchards in order to develop a tool for defending, managing, and enhancing their value. In particular, the objective was to provide a framework for the identification oftheir real constitutive features and, consequently, for the formulation of their global value in a synthetic and objective formo The development of the model started by identifying alI the characters and values that could be associated to the historical fruit orchards and by defining the methodology for their measurement. Therefore, it was necessary to investigate a rather complex model area, such as the farming estate of the Royal Palace of Caserta, one of the estates owned by the Borbone dynasty, still exhibiting residual areas of fruit and olive orchards, as well as vineyards. The study of this model site and the analysis of the available literature, led to the development of files and grids for the description and inventory of the characters of the productive areas, as well as to the formulation of a measurement methodology. The proposed model has been validated on some study cases, Le. productive areas within historical farming estate and gardens, like the 'Vigna di San Silvestro' in the farming estate of the Royal Palace of Caserta, and the pomario in the renascence garden of the Palazzo Giustinani-Odescalchi in Bassano Romano (VT). The model proved to be suitable to identify the multiplicity of characters and values of the historical productive areas, and to limit the subjectivity of the evaluation procedure thanks to its multidisciplinary approach, logic structure, diversity of the considered aspects, as well as specific evaluation rules. In particular, its allowed to recognize characters and functions other than the productive one, that represent the complexity, and added value, ofthese areas. The model could finally allow to compare different historical productive areas in historical gardens or in historical rurallandscape, in order to establish necessity and priorities of preservation and requalification.
Additional information
Dottorato di ricerca in Ortoflorofrutticoltura
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