Characterization among and within Sicilian tetraploid wheat landraces by gluten protein analysis for traceability purposes
Author(s)
Date Issued
2024
Type
article
Volume
13
Issue
5
Journal
Abstract
The criteria of “Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability” as well as a high “overall quality index” are used to register the Italian modern varieties to the national register. Differently, local conservation varieties can be certified under different EU Directives that facilitate, as an overall objective, the preservation of biodiversity and the containment of genetic erosion. In recent years, products derived from ancient grains are perceived to be healthier and more sustainable by consumers,
especially in Italy, with consequent higher market prices. The ancient tetraploid wheat varieties
registered in the national register of conservation varieties amount to 28, 24 of which are Sicilian. They are supposed to have wide genetic variability compared to modern ones, making them vulnerable to fraud because they are difficult to trace. It is therefore important to have tools able to discriminate between autochthonous Sicilian varieties. This can be completed by gluten proteins composition, which also provides information on the technological properties of derived products. Fifty-one
accessions belonging to twenty-two ancient varieties of Sicilian tetraploid (mostly durum) wheat
were analyzed. Although wide intra-accession and intra-varietal variability measurements were
assessed, the gliadin pattern of bulks of seeds belonging to each variety was discriminatory. Moreover, differences in technological attitudes were found between landraces. This paves the way to use gluten protein patterns for traceability, allowing local farmers and producers to valorize their products and assure consumers regarding the transparency of the entire supply chain
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Palombieri et al 2024 plants-13-00741.pdf
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