Impact of gut microbiota composition on onset and progression of chronic non-communicable diseases
Author(s)
Date Issued
2019
Type
article
Volume
11
Issue
5
Start Page
1073
End Page
1108
Journal
Abstract
In recent years, mounting scientific evidence has emerged regarding the evaluation of the putative correlation between the gut microbiota composition and the presence of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and arterial hypertension. The aim of this narrative review is to examine the current literature with respect to the relationship between intestinal dysbiosis and the insurgence/progression of chronic NCDs, analyzing the physiopathological mechanisms that can induce microbiota modification in the course of these pathologies, and the possible effect induced by microbiota alteration upon disease onset. Therapy based on probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplant can represent a useful therapeutic tool, as has been highlighted on animal studies. To this moment, clinical studies that intended to demonstrate the beneficial e ect induced by this kind of oral
supplementation on the gut microbiota composition, and subsequent amelioration of signs and
symptoms of chronic NCDs have been conducted on limited sample populations for a limited
follow-up period. Therefore, to fully evaluate the therapeutic value of this kind of intervention,
it would be ideal to design ample population; randomized clinical trials with a lengthy follow
up period.