Trasferimento di innovazioni nella filiera corta per la produzione, raccolta ed uso di legna da boschi convenzionali a fini energetici
Author(s)
Spina, Raffaello
Date Issued
May 27, 2013
Type
Doctoral Thesis
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the factors affecting the costs of different logging systems, in particular considering different bunching-extraction methods. Moreover the productivity analysis and an energy analysis of each plot was calculated, and a comparison analysis of the results is presented. The work was carried out in South Italy, in an aged Quercus cerris L. coppice in hill zones, with a two plots (1a and 1b) of 15% average slope and other tree plots (2a, 2b and 2c) with 50% average slope. Short wood system and full tree system harvesting was applied. Felling were performed by chainsaw, while extraction with five different methods: plot 1a with tractor loaded as a mule, plot 1b a with a skidder. In the plot 2a with a Savall 1500 cableway, in the plot 2b with a Valentini V400 cable crane and in the plot 3c with a skidder. Transport of firewood from the forest track to the landing was made by a tractor loaded as a mule in the plot 1a of short wood system, while in all other plots the transport was made by a skidder. In the plot 1a the costs per unit mass (35.75 €∙t35%) is the lower compared to plot 1b (91.94 €∙t35%). The reason is the plot 1b the processing of the chips was performed by a chipper that affecting the final cost. Also the productivity of plot 1a (1.75 tu35%.h-1) it’s higher than plot 1b (0.95 tu35%.h-1). The energy analysis reflect the same trend with the plot 1a that has 114 MJ/ts.s. of total energy input and the plot 1b with 186.9 MJ/ts.s. of total energy input. The plot 2b has the highest cost per unit mass (151.61 €∙t35%). However, productivity is the lowest (0.71 tu35%.h-1) compared to plot 2a (0.73 tu35%.h-1) and 2c (0.73 tu35%.h-1). This aspect is notable from the operative cost point of view of the cable crane Valentini V400 (77.82 €∙t35%) per unit mass. Plot 2c is the less expensive (122.30 €∙t35%) despite the skidder it’s no exactly fitted to work in a coppice stand. Also the energy analysis made comparing the tree plots shows the same trend, with the plot 2b that has the highest energy input required for unit mass (459 MJ/ts.s.) while the plot 2a has an intermediate value (445.1 MJ/ts.s.) and the plot 2c has the lowest energy input required (190.8 MJ/ts.s.).
Additional information
Dottorato di ricerca in Scienze e tecnologie per la gestione forestale e ambientale
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