Selection of Durum Wheat and SSR Markers for Organic Farming in Central Italy Using AMMI Analysis
Author(s)
Date Issued
2024
Type
article
Volume
14
Issue
3
Journal
Abstract
Durum wheat is one of the main crops in the Mediterranean region, which is characterized as the hotspot of climate change, with large year-to-year weather fluctuations. Although chemical input reduction in agriculture is strongly demanded, as well as healthy food, there is still a lack of stable and high-yielding crop varieties specifically adapted for organic conditions. This study evaluates the performance of fifteen durum wheat varieties in terms of suitability for organic farming in central Italy and assesses the impact of the genotype–environment interaction (GEI) on productive and quality traits. Variety performance was evaluated in field experiments over four successive seasons. In addition, a genotypic diversity analysis of 38 microsatellites associated with traits important for organic farming was performed. The AMMI (additive main effects and multiplicative interaction) stability analysis revealed that the best and most stable genotype regarding quality traits, such as thousand-kernel weight, protein content, and test weight was the ancient variety, Senatore Cappelli. The most stable and high yield was determined for the Fuego, Iride, and Mv-Pelsodur genotypes. Moreover, SSR markers that could be used for plant breeding, targeting organic farming systems based on molecular markers and GEI results, were identified.
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Name
agronomy-14-00458.pdf
Description
Paper
Size
4.56 MB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum (MD5)
38b91d4e1e9339e042cfffa01b412302
Project(s)
771367 (ECOBREED project)
PNRR)—missione 4 componente 2, investimento 1.4—D.D. 1032 17/06/2022, CN00000022)