Study of genetic bases of traits involved in resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses in durum wheat (T. turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.)
Author(s)
Panio, Giosuè
Date Issued
March 21, 2011
Type
Doctoral Thesis
Abstract
Durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) is a tetraploid species (2n=28, genomes AABB), a very important crop for the human diet, particularly in the Mediterranean basin where about 75% of the world’s durum grain is produced. Grain yield for durum wheat is estimated around 31.9 million tons for 2009/10, (USDA-FAS) with great variation due to drought stress, diseases and pests. A wide research program is in course at the CRA-Cereal Research Center of Foggia (CRA-CER), aimed to the genetic analysis of traits of agronomic relevance for durum wheat, and funded by the national project “AGROGEN - Laboratorio di GENomica per caratteri di importanza AGROnomica in frumento duro: identificazione di geni utili, analisi funzionale e selezione assistita con marcatori molecolari per lo sviluppo della filiera sementiera nazionale”. A number of segregating populations, together with the corresponding genetic maps have been developed in the frame of this project, by starting from crosses between durum wheat varieties contrasting for the traits of interest. The work described in this thesis was carried out by using some of these genetic materials, and was focused on studying genetic basis of yield-related traits, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses for the improvement of field performance of durum wheat in the Mediterranean environment.
QTLs involved in the control of physiological traits related to water stress response and genomic regions controlling features of seed morphology were localized on a new genetic map constructed in the frame of this thesis and based on the segregating population Ofanto x Senatore Cappelli, a modern and an old durum wheat variety respectively, which are contrasting for a number of morphological and physiological traits. Furthermore, a gene for resistance to Ug99 stem rust was identified and located on the chromosome 6A on a segregating population for which the genetic map was already available at the CRA-CER (Cirillo x Neodur).
Additional information
Dottorato di ricerca in Biotecnologie vegetali
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