Polimorfismi nei geni Toll-like receptor 2, 4 e 6 in Bos taurus
Author(s)
Mariotti, Marco
Date Issued
April 21, 2008
Type
Thesis
Abstract
In mammals, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a primary role in the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Innate immune response starts when some bacterial or viral components are identified. Such components are defined Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMP)
TLRs are abundant on the surface of macrofages and neutrophils and on the epithelial cells of lung and bowel. Their role is alerting the immune system when an infection is developing.
Molecules related to TLRs are involved in the innate immunity of all multiicellular organisms. In this work Bos Taurus genes TLR2, TLR4 e TLR6 were considered, aiming at:
- Identifying SNPs that could be associated with cattle diseases such mastitis, IBR (Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis), paratuberculosis and enteritis, to verify if a genetic susceptibility to developing diseases can be observed.
- Characterizing the discovered SNPs by analysing their frequency and diversity in populations of 16 European breeds.
- Verifying if some breeds show peculiar TLRs polymorphisms and if they can be breed characteristics.
We identified 8 SNPs in genes of great relevance in the response to pathogens. One of the SNPs is not synonymous, and it should be fully studied in the future.
The SNPs were characterized on 951 individuals belonging to 16 of the main European cattle breeds. The described SNPs, that resulted neutral markers after a FDist analysis, can be used in studies of population genetics in cattle.
As for the association between polymorphisms and diseases, data are still preliminary, However, particularly for IBR, the analyses will be performed on a wider number of samples to confirm the absence of heterozygote A/G in locus TLR4_254, of base C in locus TLR4_1678 and of base T in locus TLR4_2043 in control animals.
Additional information
Tesi di laurea. Facoltà di Scienze MM.FF.NN. Corso di laurea in Scienze biologiche. Indirizzo biomolecolare. A.a. 2006/2007. Relatore Giorgio Prantera. Correlatore Lorraine Pariset. Controrelatore Pasquale Mosesso.
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