Individuation of mediterranean ideotypes of guar (Cyamopsis tetragoloba (L.) Taub.) based on agronomic and qualitative characterization and cross pollination
Author(s)
Ceravolo, Giuseppe
Date Issued
June 6, 2017
Type
Doctoral Thesis
Abstract
This research project aims to individuate guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.) genotypes suited to the Mediterranean environment and to mechanical harvest with valuable productive and qualitative traits. The identification and evaluation of guar genotypes has been carried out in order to explore the possibility of overcoming the main obstacles that hinder the cultivation of this species: the long biological cycle, the branching habitus, the low height of the first fertile node and the indeterminate growth. To reach this aim a collection of 68 guar genotypes, obtained from different seed banks and grown in a Mediterranean environment, has been characterized for the main morphological, biological, productive and qualitative traits. As a result, among the 68 accessions, 14 genotypes were selected on the basis of their morphological, biological, productive and qualitative traits (elevated height of the first fertile node, single stem, high seed production, short biological cycle, high galactomannan and protein content) and, in the second year, were evaluated (together with 11 genotypes of recognised agronomic value coming from a collection owned by Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, Department of Agraria) for the same characteristics, with a considerable improvement of the studied parameters. An interesting negative relation between galactomannan and protein content was found on the 68 genotypes. In addition, seed galactomannan accumulation was also determined at six stages during seed development linking morphological and phenological traits with the galactomannan content. Moreover, during the last two years, a forced cross pollination trial has been carried out following the procedures reported in the literature, and a total of five pods has been obtained, which seeds still need to be tested. The results of this trial lay down the foundation to start a breeding program from which to obtain an ideotype that could be a profitable crop in a sustainable cropping system within irrigated areas of the Mediterranean environment.
Additional information
Dottorato di ricerca in Scienze, tecnologie e biotecnologie per la sostenibilità
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