Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/2067/1346
Title: In vitro cytogenetic results supporting a DNA nonreactive mechanism for ochratoxin A, potentially relevant for its carcinogenicity
Authors: Mosesso, Pasquale 
Cinelli, Serena
Piñero, Joaquin
Bellacima, Raffaela
Pepe, Gaetano
Keywords: Genotoxicity of OTA;Mycotoxins;Genotossicità del'OTA;Micotossine
Issue Date: 2008
Publisher: American Chemical Society
Source: Mosesso, P. et al. 2008. In vitro cytogenetic results supporting a DNA nonreactive mechanism for ochratoxin A, potentially relevant for its carcinogenicity. "Chemical Research in Toxicology" 21(6): 1235-1243
Abstract: 
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a widespread mycotoxin of cereals and many agricultural products and causes
high incidences of renal tumors in rodents. Although its carcinogenic properties have been known since
the eighties, the precise mechanism of action is still relatively undefined. At present, increasing evidence
suggests that OTA does not act with a direct genotoxic mechanism, opposed to other previous evidence
where the formation of DNA adducts by 32P-postlabeling was observed. The genotoxic activity of OTA
assessed in a variety of in vitro and in vivo studies was very low if genotoxic at all. In this study, we
clearly show that OTA does not bear any clastogenic or aneugenic activity based on the absence of the
induction of chromosome aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges, and micronuclei in human lymphocytes
and V79 cells in vitro in both the absence and the presence of S9 metabolism. Alternatively, cytogenetic
analyses evidenced significant increases in endoreduplicated cells and highly condensed metaphases with
separated chromatids. This implies that OTA or its possible metabolites do not covalently bind DNA
through the formation of adducts since structural chromosome aberrations are a very sensitive end points
to detect chemical carcinogens with electrophilic substituents. Alternatively, induction of endoreduplication
and chromatid separation provides strong evidence for a DNA nonreactive mechanism of OTA
carcinogenicity involving the disruption of mitosis by interfering with key regulators of chromosome
separation and progression of mitosis. This causes a temporary arrest of mitoses and premature exit from
it (mitotic slippage) to generate endoreduplication and polyploidy accompanied by increased risk of
aneuploidy and subsequent tumor formation.
Description: 
The present paper is dedicated
to Prof. A. T. Natarajan on the occasion of his 80th birthday.

L'articolo è disponibile sul sito dell'editore: http://pubs.acs.org/
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/2067/1346
ISSN: 0893-228X
DOI: 10.1021/tx800029f
Appears in Collections:DABAC - Archivio della produzione scientifica

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