http://http://dspace.unitus.it:80 The DSpace digital repository system captures, stores, indexes, preserves, and distributes digital research material. Wed, 22 May 2013 10:52:32 GMT 2013-05-22T10:52:32Z http://hdl.handle.net/2067/1533 Title: Organic matter transformation and detoxification in dry olive mill residue by the saprophytic fungus Paecilomyces farinosus Authors: Sampedro, Inmaculada; Cajthaml, Tomáš; Marinari, Sara; Petruccioli, Maurizio; Grego, Stefano; D'Annibale, Alessandro Abstract: Dry olive mill residue (DOR), the by-product of the two-phase extraction process, is very rich in organic matter and nutritionally relevant cations. For this reason, the agronomic use of this waste has been suggested although DOR exhibits significant phytotoxicity. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of Paecilomyces farinosus on both organic matter modification and detoxification of this waste.Humification ratio in DOR colonized by the fungus for 20 weeks was increased by about 65% with respect to the abiotic control and humification index reached 0.38, a value that characterizes well-humified materials. High performance size-exclusion chromatography of humic acids from fungal cultures showed a marked increase in both weight-averaged and number-averaged molecular weights with respect to abiotic controls. Water-soluble phenols were reduced by 45% in 20-week-old P. farinosus cultures on DOR and mass-balance ultra-filtration showed that the relative abundance of the molecular weight fraction of phenols above 30 kDa increased from 31 to 72% suggesting the occurrence of polymerization.Experiments performed with alfalfa grown on soils containing 2.5% (w/w) of abiotic controls and fungaltreated DOR showed that phytotoxicity was totally suppressed in the waste that underwent fungal treatment. Description: L'articolo è disponibile sul sito dell'editore: http://www.sciencedirect.com Fri, 31 Dec 2010 23:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2067/1533 2010-12-31T23:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2067/1412 Title: Immobilized inocula of white-rot fungi accelerate both detoxification and organic matter transformation in two-phase dry olive-mill residue Authors: Sampedro, Inmaculada; Cajthaml, Tomáš; Marinari, Sara; Stazi, Silvia Rita; Grego, Stefano; Petruccioli, Maurizio; Federici, Federico; D'Annibale, Alessandro Abstract: The potential use for agronomic purposes of dry olive-mill residue (DOR), solid waste from the olive oil two-phase extraction process, might be impaired by its phytotoxicity. Although fungal treatments can detoxify DOR, long times are required for these processes. The objective of this study was to assess whether the addition of immobilized fungal inocula to DOR might improve colonization rates, thus reducing the time necessary for its detoxification and bioconversion. Inocula of Panus tigrinus CBS 577.79 and Phlebia sp. DABAC 9 immobilized on either chopped maize stalks or polyurethane sponge (PS) led to higher removals of both phenols and phytotoxicity from DOR than free inocula after 4 weeks of incubation. Best dephenolization (85%) was with PS-immobilized Phlebia sp., the use of which reduced germinability inhibition of Lepidium sativum and Lactuca sativa by 80 and 71.4%, respectively. Regardless of the type of inoculant, a low degree of humification was obtained. Wed, 31 Dec 2008 23:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2067/1412 2008-12-31T23:00:00Z