The DSpace digital repository system captures, stores, indexes, preserves, and distributes digital research material. http://http://dspace.unitus.it:80 2013-05-18T19:04:07Z 2013-05-18T19:04:07Z Sampedro, Inmaculada Cajthaml, Tomáš Marinari, Sara Petruccioli, Maurizio Grego, Stefano D'Annibale, Alessandro http://hdl.handle.net/2067/1533 2011-06-30T14:34:51Z 2010-12-31T23:00:00Z

Title: Organic matter transformation and detoxification in dry olive mill residue by the saprophytic fungus Paecilomyces farinosus Authors: Sampedro, Inmaculada; Cajthaml, Tomáš; Marinari, Sara; Petruccioli, Maurizio; Grego, Stefano; D'Annibale, Alessandro Abstract: Dry olive mill residue (DOR), the by-product of the two-phase extraction process, is very rich in organic matter and nutritionally relevant cations. For this reason, the agronomic use of this waste has been suggested although DOR exhibits significant phytotoxicity. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of Paecilomyces farinosus on both organic matter modification and detoxification of this waste.Humification ratio in DOR colonized by the fungus for 20 weeks was increased by about 65% with respect to the abiotic control and humification index reached 0.38, a value that characterizes well-humified materials. High performance size-exclusion chromatography of humic acids from fungal cultures showed a marked increase in both weight-averaged and number-averaged molecular weights with respect to abiotic controls. Water-soluble phenols were reduced by 45% in 20-week-old P. farinosus cultures on DOR and mass-balance ultra-filtration showed that the relative abundance of the molecular weight fraction of phenols above 30 kDa increased from 31 to 72% suggesting the occurrence of polymerization.Experiments performed with alfalfa grown on soils containing 2.5% (w/w) of abiotic controls and fungaltreated DOR showed that phytotoxicity was totally suppressed in the waste that underwent fungal treatment. Description: L'articolo è disponibile sul sito dell'editore: http://www.sciencedirect.com

2010-12-31T23:00:00Z Sampedro, Inmaculada Cajthaml, Tomáš Marinari, Sara Stazi, Silvia Rita Grego, Stefano Petruccioli, Maurizio Federici, Federico D'Annibale, Alessandro http://hdl.handle.net/2067/1412 2011-06-30T10:49:32Z 2008-12-31T23:00:00Z

Title: Immobilized inocula of white-rot fungi accelerate both detoxification and organic matter transformation in two-phase dry olive-mill residue Authors: Sampedro, Inmaculada; Cajthaml, Tomáš; Marinari, Sara; Stazi, Silvia Rita; Grego, Stefano; Petruccioli, Maurizio; Federici, Federico; D'Annibale, Alessandro Abstract: The potential use for agronomic purposes of dry olive-mill residue (DOR), solid waste from the olive oil two-phase extraction process, might be impaired by its phytotoxicity. Although fungal treatments can detoxify DOR, long times are required for these processes. The objective of this study was to assess whether the addition of immobilized fungal inocula to DOR might improve colonization rates, thus reducing the time necessary for its detoxification and bioconversion. Inocula of Panus tigrinus CBS 577.79 and Phlebia sp. DABAC 9 immobilized on either chopped maize stalks or polyurethane sponge (PS) led to higher removals of both phenols and phytotoxicity from DOR than free inocula after 4 weeks of incubation. Best dephenolization (85%) was with PS-immobilized Phlebia sp., the use of which reduced germinability inhibition of Lepidium sativum and Lactuca sativa by 80 and 71.4%, respectively. Regardless of the type of inoculant, a low degree of humification was obtained.

2008-12-31T23:00:00Z Sampedro, Inmaculada Giubilei, Maria Angela Cajthaml, Tomáš Federici, Ermanno Federici, Federico Petruccioli, Maurizio D'Annibale, Alessandro http://hdl.handle.net/2067/1410 2011-06-30T15:52:46Z 2008-12-31T23:00:00Z

Title: Short-term impact of dry olive mill residue addition to soil on the resident microbiota Authors: Sampedro, Inmaculada; Giubilei, Maria Angela; Cajthaml, Tomáš; Federici, Ermanno; Federici, Federico; Petruccioli, Maurizio; D'Annibale, Alessandro Abstract: The short-term response of the resident soil bacterial and fungal communities to the addition of 5% (w/w) of either dry olive mill residue (DOR), DOR treated with Phlebia sp. (PTDOR) or DOR previously extracted with water (WEDOR) was investigated. As opposed to bacteria, the diversity of fungi increased upon the amendments as assessed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of 18S rDNA. Over the first 30 days, phospholipid fatty acids analyses indicated a gradual decrease in the relative abundances of Gram+ bacteria (from 44.8% to 37.9%) and a concomitant increase of Gram- bacteria (from 37.3% to 51.2%) in DOR-amended soil. A considerable increase in the fungal/bacterial ratio was observed after 7 days in DOR, WEDOR and PTDOR-amended soils with respect to the control (0.316, 0.165 and 0.265, respectively, vs. 0.011). The overall microbial activity was stimulated by the amendments as indicated by the higher activity levels of both dehydrogenase and fluorescein diacetate hydrolase. These results indicate that DOR at the application level examined is not toxic on soil microorganisms. Description: L'articolo é disponibile sul sito dell'editore: http://www.sciencedirect.com

2008-12-31T23:00:00Z Federici, Ermanno Giubilei, Maria Angela Cajthaml, Tomáš Petruccioli, Maurizio D'Annibale, Alessandro http://hdl.handle.net/2067/1388 2011-06-30T12:48:05Z 2010-12-31T23:00:00Z

Title: Lentinus (Panus) tigrinus augmentation of a historically contaminated soil: matrix decontamination and structure and function of the resident bacterial community Authors: Federici, Ermanno; Giubilei, Maria Angela; Cajthaml, Tomáš; Petruccioli, Maurizio; D'Annibale, Alessandro Abstract: The ability of Lentinus tigrinus to grow and to degrade persistent aromatic hydrocarbons in aged contaminated soil was assessed in this study. L. tigrinus extensively colonized the soil; its degradation activity after 60 d incubation at 28 ◦C, however, was mostly limited to dichloroaniline isomers, polychlorinated benzenes and diphenyl ether while the fungus was unable to deplete 9,10-anthracenedione and 7-H-benz[DE]anthracene-7-one which were the major soil contaminants. Although clean-up levels were limited, both density of cultivable heterotrophic bacteria and richness of the resident bacterial community in L. tigrinus microcosms (LtM) increased over time to a significantly larger extent than the respective amended incubation controls (1.9×109 CFU g−1 vs. 1.0×109 CFU g−1 and 37 vs. 16, respectively). Naphthalene- and catechol 2,3-dioxygenase gene copy numbers, however, decreased over time at a higher rate in LtMthan in incubation controls likely due to a higher stimulation on heterotrophs than xenobiotics-degrading community members. Description: L'articolo è disponibile sul sito dell'editore: http://www.sciencedirect.com

2010-12-31T23:00:00Z