http://hdl.handle.net/2067/1286 2013-05-21T12:33:21Z 2013-05-21T12:33:21Z Scarascia Mugnozza, Gian Tommaso http://hdl.handle.net/2067/2223 2011-12-02T00:05:22Z 2010-12-31T23:00:00Z

Title: Transferring genes from the wild species D. villosum to wheat for increasing adaptation to sustainable agricultural systems: results from the research collaboration between Italian Universities and the University of California. Foreword Authors: Scarascia Mugnozza, Gian Tommaso Abstract: In the short term, the use of the most fertile areas for the production of wheat, could continue to meet, at least temporarily, the worldwide demand for wheat (about + 1% per year) despite the reduction, in recent decades, of the genetic progress for grain yield per unit area. However, in the long term, effective genetic strategies to enhance the grain yield progress in the new wheat cultivars, should be pursued. If the breeders will include the wheat-Dasypyrum villosum "Introgression breeding lines" (IBLs) developed from the cooperation of the Italian and U.S.A. universities and research institutions, in the pedigree of future wheat cultivars, then further progress in cereal production meeting the sustainability standards at the national and international level, will be achieved. Through this publication, it is intended to describe the main genetic and phenotypic features of the wheat lines obtained from the introgression process of the D. villosum chromatin and genes into the wheat genomes, and on the suitability of those lines as breeding materials for the trait enhancement of the wheat lines that could be used as base material to release improved wheat cultivars for sustainable agricultural systems.

2010-12-31T23:00:00Z Caceres, Maria Eugenia Vaccino, Patrizia Ceccarelli, Marilena Sarri, Vania Polizzi, Enza De Pace, Ciro Cionini, Pier Giorgio http://hdl.handle.net/2067/2203 2011-11-29T09:32:09Z 2010-12-31T23:00:00Z

Title: Introgressione criptica di DNA parentale in linee di frumento derivate da ibridazione intergenerica fra Triticum aestivum e Dasypyrum villosum Authors: Caceres, Maria Eugenia; Vaccino, Patrizia; Ceccarelli, Marilena; Sarri, Vania; Polizzi, Enza; De Pace, Ciro; Cionini, Pier Giorgio Abstract: Cytogenetic and DNA molecular analyses have been carried out in three wheat inbred lines (CS V58, CS V59 and CS V60), derived from Triticum aestivum cv. ‘Chinese Spring’ (CS) Dasypyrum villosum (Dv) intergeneric hybridization, which showed several Dv-specific phenotypic characters. All lines were found to share with CS the number (2n=42) and structure of the chromosomes and chromatin from Dv was apparently not added to their complement. However, Feulgen/DNA cytophotometry showed that there was more nuclear DNA in the lines than in the parental wheat (by 1.85%, 2.76% and 1.26% in CS V58, CVS V59 and CS V60, respectively). AFLP analysis of genomic DNA from the lines, CS and Dv detected a total of 120 polymorphic bands, 7 of which (5.8%) were present in both the lines and Dv but absent in CS. PCR amplification using specific primers revealed, in the genome of the lines, Dv alleles and not CS alleles at two loci (Vrn-A1 and Vrn-B3). These results indicate cryptic introgression of Dv DNA sequences into the genome of the lines. Some implications of this finding are briefly discussed.

2010-12-31T23:00:00Z Caceres, Maria Eugenia Ceccarelli, Marilena De Pace, Ciro Cionini, Pier Giorgio http://hdl.handle.net/2067/2202 2011-10-13T23:05:32Z 2010-12-31T23:00:00Z

Title: Citogenetica di ibridi fra Triticum aestivum e Dasypyrum villosum e di linee da essi derivate Authors: Caceres, Maria Eugenia; Ceccarelli, Marilena; De Pace, Ciro; Cionini, Pier Giorgio Abstract: In the course of a research aimed at the genetic improvement of wheat through intergeneric hybridization, 24 inbred breeding lines obtained by the hybridization of Triticum aestivum cv. ‘Chinese Spring’ (CS) or T. turgidum ssp. durum cv. ‘Modoc’ followed by backcross to CS have been characterized cytogenetically. Some lines were found to have the same karyotype as CS. In other lines, karyological events such as chromosome addictions, chromosome substitutions, recombinations between parental genomes or between the homoeologous genomes of wheat were observed. These findings, which were in part unexpected and even surprising, show that a careful cytogenetic characterization of wheat hybrids is necessary to understand factors and mechanisms that play a role in determining the structure of their karyotype, and then to choose strategies for the genetic improvement of wheat by interspecific and/or intergeneric hybridization.

2010-12-31T23:00:00Z Vaccino, Patrizia Coppa, Tania Corbellini, Maria De Pace, Ciro http://hdl.handle.net/2067/2201 2011-11-29T09:26:39Z 2010-12-31T23:00:00Z

Title: Aspetti genetico-molecolari e tecnologici del trasferimento al frumento di geni del Dasypyrum villosum Authors: Vaccino, Patrizia; Coppa, Tania; Corbellini, Maria; De Pace, Ciro Abstract: Many breeding programs rely on gene transfer from the wild and cultivated secondary gene-pool (GP-2) for trait enhancement, but so far no reports on transfer of bread-making quality-related genes from the wild GP-2 of wheat have been released. In this paper, we used small- and large-scale tests to analyze wheat introgression lines (ILs) derived from Triticum aestivum cv “Chinese Spring” (CS) Dasypyrum villosum (L.) Candargy (Dv) hybridization. We aimed at ascertaining the efficacy of prolamin subunits encoded by Dv genes for the improvement of wheat end-use grain quality Biochemical and genetic evidences from backcrossing those lines to CS, and the qualitative results obtained from the lines grown for two years at two localities demonstrated that the ascertained positive effects of the Dv genes on wheat-flour end-use quality correlate weakly with the size of the introgressed Dv chromatin that contained those genes or the protein content of the flour. Dv chromatin including genes at the Glu-V1 locus, coding for high molecular weight glutenins in Dv, significantly improves wheat bread-making quality, and chromatin from the short arm of 6V chromosome improves also protein and micronutrient (Fe and Zn) content.

2010-12-31T23:00:00Z