http://hdl.handle.net/2067/112 2013-05-19T17:54:10Z 2013-05-19T17:54:10Z Valentini, Alessio Nardone, Alessandro Crisà, Alessandra Marchitelli, Cinzia Failla, Sebastiana Gigli, S. Albertí, Pere Sañudo, Carlos Nutte, G. Ertbjerg, Per Hocquette, Jean Francois Williams, J. L. http://hdl.handle.net/2067/1924 2011-05-30T05:28:48Z 2011-04-14T22:00:00Z

Title: European cattle breed cluster accordingly to their meat quality parameters Authors: Valentini, Alessio; Nardone, Alessandro; Crisà, Alessandra; Marchitelli, Cinzia; Failla, Sebastiana; Gigli, S.; Albertí, Pere; Sañudo, Carlos; Nutte, G.; Ertbjerg, Per; Hocquette, Jean Francois; Williams, J. L. Abstract: The concept of breed is rather questionable and it’s used more as a tool for “labelling” production systems than as a biological category. Here, production system is intended as a whole set of animal units, techniques, breeding schemes, marketing, etc. However, man has demonstrated to be very quick in capturing and disseminating good characteristics whence they appear in a breed by mutation or by selection. Therefore, it might be expected that breeds, nevertheless of recent origin, could bear distinguished productive characteristics. Due to the quan- titative nature of them, more characteristics should be measured in order to obtain a clear and statistically significant distinction. We have measured several meat characteristics in 15 European breeds (30 individuals for each breed), mostly with beef attitude, reared in similar conditions. This was accomplished to better reveal the genetic background of breeds. A canonical discriminant analysis showed a clear distinction among breeds. In particular lipid composition of meat was able to assign individuals to breeds with 57% and 63% of individuals correctly classified respectively for neutral and phospholipids. The classification is generally good for all breeds except for the Spanish ones,indicating probably some crossing in the past for these breeds. Neutral lipids can classify double muscled breeds with high precision (84% and 95% in Asturiana de los Valles and Piedmontese respectively). Tenderness related measures (collagen, µ-calpain, m-calpain, calpastatin, MFI) poorly assign indi- viduals to breeds (average 22%). The good classification of individuals to breeds for lipid composition suggests distinctive genetic features and encourages to look further to genetic determination of fat composition in the meat, as well as to exploit particular breeds to obtain products suitable for categories of consumers needing/searching for special components in their diet.

2011-04-14T22:00:00Z Negrini, Riccardo Nijman, Isaäc J. Milanesi, Elisabetta Moazami-Goudarzi, Katayoun Williams, J. L. Erhardt, Georg Dunner, Susana Rodellar, Clementina Valentini, Alessio Bradley, Dan G. Olsaker, Ingrid Kantanen, Juha Ajmone-Marsan, Paolo Lenstra, Johannes A. http://hdl.handle.net/2067/1923 2011-05-30T05:09:57Z 2011-04-14T22:00:00Z

Title: Differentiation of European cattle by AFLP fingerprinting Authors: Negrini, Riccardo; Nijman, Isaäc J.; Milanesi, Elisabetta; Moazami-Goudarzi, Katayoun; Williams, J. L.; Erhardt, Georg; Dunner, Susana; Rodellar, Clementina; Valentini, Alessio; Bradley, Dan G.; Olsaker, Ingrid; Kantanen, Juha; Ajmone-Marsan, Paolo; Lenstra, Johannes A. Abstract: The Neolithic introduction of domestic cattle into Europe was followed by differential adaptation, selection, migration and genetic isolation, leading ultimately to the emergence of specialized breeds. We have studied the differentiation of European cattle by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting. Combining AFLP data sets from two laboratories yielded 81 biallelic polymorphic markers scored in 19–22 individual animals from 51 breeds. Model-based clustering differentiated Podolian cattle as well as French and Alpine breeds from other European cattle. AFLP genetic distances correlated well with microsatellite-based genetic distances calculated for the same breeds. However, the AFLP data emphasized the divergence of taurine and indicine cattle relative to the variation among European breeds and indicated an Eastern influence on Italian and Hungarian Podolian breeds. This probably reflects import from the East after the original introduction of domestic cattle into Europe. Our data suggest that Italian cattle breeds are relatively diverse at the DNA sequence level.

2011-04-14T22:00:00Z Naderi, Saeid Rezaei, Hamid-Reza Taberlet, Pierre Zundel, Stéphanie Rafat, Seyed-Abbas Naghash, Hamid-Reza El- Barody, Mohamed A. A. Ertugrul, Okan Pompanon, François Abo-Shehada, Mahamoud Ajmone-Marsan, Paolo Al Tarrayrah, Jamil Baret, Philippe Baumung, Roswitha Beja-Pereira, Albano Bertaglia, Marco Bordonaro, Salvatore Bruford, Mike Caloz, Régis Canali, Gabriele Canon, Javier Cappuccio, Irene Carta, Antonello Cicogna, Mario Cortes, Oscar Crepaldi, Paola Dalamitra, Stella Daniela, Krugmann Dobi, Petrit Dominik, Popielarczyk Dunner, Susana D'Urso, Giuseppe England, Phillip Erhardt, Georg Prinzenberg, Eva-Maria Ibeagha-Awemu, Eveline Strzelec, Ewa Fadlaoui, Aziz Fornarelli, Francesca Garcia, David Georgoudis, Andreas Lühken, Gesine Giovenzana, Stefano Gutscher, Katja Hewitt, Godfrey Hoda, Anila Brandt, Horst Istvan, Anton Juma, Gabriela Joost, Stéphane Jones, Sam Karetsou, Katerina Kliambas, Georgios Koban, Evren Kutita, Olga Fesus, Lazlo Lenstra, Johannes A. Ligda, Christina Lipsky, Shirin Luikart, Gordon Glowatzki, Marie-Louise Marilli, Marta Marletta, Donata Milanesi, Elisabetta Negrini, Riccardo Nijman, Isaäc J. Obexer-Ruff, Gabriela Papachristoforou, Christos Pariset, Lorraine Pellecchia, Marco Peter, Christina Perez, Trinidad Pilla, Fabio D'Andrea, Mariasilvia Niznikowski, Roman Roosen, Jutta Scarpa, Riccardo Sechi, Tiziana Taylor, Martin Togan, Inci Trommetter, Michel Valentini, Alessio Van Cann, Lisette M. Vlaic, Augustin Wiskin, Louise Zundel, Stéphanie http://hdl.handle.net/2067/1922 2011-05-20T22:30:41Z 2011-04-13T22:00:00Z

Title: Large-Scale Mitochondrial DNA Analysis of the Domestic Goat Reveals Six Haplogroups with High Diversity Authors: Naderi, Saeid; Rezaei, Hamid-Reza; Taberlet, Pierre; Zundel, Stéphanie; Rafat, Seyed-Abbas; Naghash, Hamid-Reza; El- Barody, Mohamed A. A.; Ertugrul, Okan; Pompanon, François; Abo-Shehada, Mahamoud; Ajmone-Marsan, Paolo; Al Tarrayrah, Jamil; Baret, Philippe; Baumung, Roswitha; Beja-Pereira, Albano; Bertaglia, Marco; Bordonaro, Salvatore; Bruford, Mike; Caloz, Régis; Canali, Gabriele; Canon, Javier; Cappuccio, Irene; Carta, Antonello; Cicogna, Mario; Cortes, Oscar; Crepaldi, Paola; Dalamitra, Stella; Daniela, Krugmann; Dobi, Petrit; Dominik, Popielarczyk; Dunner, Susana; D'Urso, Giuseppe; England, Phillip; Erhardt, Georg; Prinzenberg, Eva-Maria; Ibeagha-Awemu, Eveline; Strzelec, Ewa; Fadlaoui, Aziz; Fornarelli, Francesca; Garcia, David; Georgoudis, Andreas; Lühken, Gesine; Giovenzana, Stefano; Gutscher, Katja; Hewitt, Godfrey; Hoda, Anila; Brandt, Horst; Istvan, Anton; Juma, Gabriela; Joost, Stéphane; Jones, Sam; Karetsou, Katerina; Kliambas, Georgios; Koban, Evren; Kutita, Olga; Fesus, Lazlo; Lenstra, Johannes A.; Ligda, Christina; Lipsky, Shirin; Luikart, Gordon; Glowatzki, Marie-Louise; Marilli, Marta; Marletta, Donata; Milanesi, Elisabetta; Negrini, Riccardo; Nijman, Isaäc J.; Obexer-Ruff, Gabriela; Papachristoforou, Christos; Pariset, Lorraine; Pellecchia, Marco; Peter, Christina; Perez, Trinidad; Pilla, Fabio; D'Andrea, Mariasilvia; Niznikowski, Roman; Roosen, Jutta; Scarpa, Riccardo; Sechi, Tiziana; Taylor, Martin; Togan, Inci; Trommetter, Michel; Valentini, Alessio; Van Cann, Lisette M.; Vlaic, Augustin; Wiskin, Louise; Zundel, Stéphanie Abstract: From the beginning of domestication, the transportation of domestic animals resulted in genetic and demographic processes that explain their present distribution and genetic structure. Thus studying the present genetic diversity helps to better understand the history of domestic species. Methodology/Principal Findings. The genetic diversity of domestic goats has been characterized with 2430 individuals from all over the old world, including 946 new individuals from regions poorly studied until now (mainly the Fertile Crescent). These individuals represented 1540 haplotypes for the HV segment of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region. This large-scale study allowed the establishment of a clear nomenclature of the goat maternal haplogroups. Only five of the six previously defined groups of haplotypes were divergent enough to be considered as different haplogroups. Moreover a new mitochondrial group has been localized around the Fertile Crescent. All groups showed very high haplotype diversity. Most of this diversity was distributed among groups and within geographic regions. The weak geographic structure may result from the worldwide distribution of the dominant A haplogroup (more than 90% of the individuals). The large-scale distribution of other haplogroups (except one), may be related to human migration. The recent fragmentation of local goat populations into discrete breeds is not detectable with mitochondrial markers. The estimation of demographic parameters from mismatch analyses showed that all groups had a recent demographic expansion corresponding roughly to the period when domestication took place. But even with a large data set it remains difficult to give relative dates of expansion for different haplogroups because of large confidence intervals Conclusions/Significance. We propose standard criteria for the definition of the different haplogroups based on the result of mismatch analysis and on the use of sequences of reference. Such a method could be also applied for clarifying the nomenclature of mitochondrial haplogroups in other domestic species.

2011-04-13T22:00:00Z Negrini, Riccardo Nicoloso, Letizia Grazia Maria Crepaldi, Paola Milanesi, Elisabetta Colli, L. Chegdani, F. Pariset, Lorraine Dunner, Susana Leveziel, Hubert Williams, J. L. Ajmone-Marsan, Paolo http://hdl.handle.net/2067/1910 2011-05-30T05:20:50Z 2011-04-12T22:00:00Z

Title: TRACEABILITY OF FOUR EUROPEAN PROTECTED GEOGRAPHIC INDICATION (PGI) BEEF PRODUCTS USING SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS (SNP) AND BAYESIAN STATISTICS Authors: Negrini, Riccardo; Nicoloso, Letizia Grazia Maria; Crepaldi, Paola; Milanesi, Elisabetta; Colli, L.; Chegdani, F.; Pariset, Lorraine; Dunner, Susana; Leveziel, Hubert; Williams, J. L.; Ajmone-Marsan, Paolo Abstract: The use of SNPs in combination with Bayesian statistics for the geographic traceability of cattle were evaluated using a dataset comprising 24 breeds from Italy,France,Spain, Denmark, the Netherlands,Switzerland and UK genotyped with 90 polymorphic markers. The percentage of correct assignment of the individuals to their Country of origin was 90%, with an average assignment probability of 93% and an average specificity of 92%. The higher value was observed for UK breeds (97% of correct assignment) while Swiss animals were the most difficult to allocate (77% of correct assignment). Tracing of Protected Geographic Indication (PGI) products, the approach correctly assigned 100% of Guaranteed Pure Highland Beef; 97% of “Vitellone dell’Appennino Centrale” breeds; 84% of Ternera de Navarra, and 80% of Boeuf de Chalosse. Methods to verify Products of Designated Origin (PDO) and Protected Geographic Indication (PGI) products will help to protect regional foods and promote the economic growth of marginal rural areas by encouraging the product on of high quality niche market foods.

2011-04-12T22:00:00Z